Introduction

GLP‑1 medications like semaglutide and tirzepatide (sold as Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro, and Zepbound) are highly effective for weight loss and blood sugar management, but they can come with side effects, especially in the early weeks. The good news is that most side effects are temporary and manageable. This post covers what to expect, when symptoms typically appear, and practical strategies for reducing discomfort as your body adjusts.

How common are side effects?

Clinical trials show that between 40–70% of GLP‑1 users experience at least one gastrointestinal symptom during treatment. However, most of these are mild to moderate and improve over time. In controlled trials, about 10% of participants discontinued due to side effects, though real-world rates can vary depending on dosing, diet, and individual tolerance.

When do side effects typically start?

Most people notice their first symptoms within 24–48 hours of their initial injection. Common early signs include mild nausea, feeling full sooner than usual, or light fatigue. These occur because the medication slows stomach emptying, which is part of how it reduces appetite. Roughly half of users feel no side effects at all during week one; others experience transient digestive changes that calm down as the body adapts.

Common side effects to watch for

The most frequently reported side effects of GLP‑1 medications include:

  • Nausea: Often the most common complaint, especially in the first few weeks or after a dose increase. Eating smaller meals and avoiding greasy foods can help.
  • Constipation: Slower digestion can lead to less frequent bowel movements. Staying hydrated and eating enough fiber can reduce this.
  • Fatigue: Some users feel more tired than usual, particularly early on. This often improves as the body adjusts.
  • Sulfur burps: An unpleasant but harmless symptom some people experience. Avoiding carbonated drinks and eating slowly may help.
  • Stomach discomfort: Bloating, cramping, or general digestive upset can occur, especially after larger meals.

Do side effects get worse with each dose increase?

Side effects can briefly intensify when your dose increases, as medication levels in your body rise. This is why prescribers typically follow a gradual titration schedule, increasing the dose every four weeks or so. If symptoms flare up significantly, your healthcare provider may extend a dose phase or temporarily step back to a lower dose until your tolerance improves.

Tips for managing side effects

A few simple habits can make a real difference in how you feel:

  • Eat smaller, more frequent meals: Large portions can overwhelm a slower digestive system. Smaller meals are easier to tolerate.
  • Stay hydrated: Drinking enough water helps with constipation, fatigue, and overall digestion.
  • Avoid trigger foods: Greasy, fried, or very rich foods tend to make nausea worse. Many people find that bland, protein-rich meals are easier to digest.
  • Give your body time: Most side effects improve within the first few weeks as your system adapts to the medication.

Track symptoms with Shotsy

Keeping a log of your symptoms can help you identify patterns and triggers. Shotsy makes this easy by letting you record how you feel each day alongside your injection schedule, meals, and hydration. Over time, you can see which habits reduce discomfort and share useful data with your healthcare provider during check-ins.

Conclusion

Side effects are a common part of starting GLP‑1 therapy, but they don’t have to derail your progress. Most symptoms are temporary and can be managed with small adjustments to your eating habits and lifestyle. By tracking your experience and working with your healthcare provider, you can find the right balance and stay on track toward your health goals.

This post is intended for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your physician before making any changes to your medication or health routine.